# Weissberger's model

Weissberger’s modified exponential decay model, or simply, Weissberger’s model, is a radio wave propagation model that estimates the path loss due to the presence of one or more trees in a point-to-point telecommunication link. This model belongs to the category Foliage or Vegetation models.

## Applicable to/under conditions

• This model is applicable to the cases of line of sight propagation. Example is microwave transmission.
• This model is only applicable when there is an obstruction made by some foliage in the link. i.e. In between the transmitter and receiver.
• This model is ideal for application in the situation where the LOS path is blocked by dense, dry and leafy trees.

## Coverage

Frequency: 230 MHz to 95 GHz[1]

Depth of foliage: up to 400 m

## History

Formulated in 1982, this model is a development of the ITU Model for Exponential Decay (MED).

## Mathematical formulation

Weissberger’s model is formally expressed as

${\displaystyle L={\begin{cases}1.33\,f^{0.284}\,d^{0.588}\,{\mbox{, if }}14

where,

L = The loss due to foliage. Unit: decibels (dB)

f = The transmission frequency. Unit: gigahertz (GHz)

d = The depth of foliage ‘’’along’’’ the path. Unit: meters (m)

## Points to note

• The equation is scaled for frequency specified in GHz range.
• Depth of foliage must be specified in meters (m).

## Limitations

• This model is significant for frequency range 230 MHz to 95 GHz only, as pointed out by Blaunstein.
• This model does not define the operation if the depth of vegetation is more than 400 m.
• This model predicts the loss due to foliage. The path loss must be calculated with inclusion of the free space loss.[2]