List of places on land with elevations below sea level
This is a list of places below mean sea level that are on land.
Places in tunnels, mines, basements, dug holes (also with open sky), under water, under ice, or existing temporarily as a result of ebbing of sea tide etc. are not included. Places where seawater and rainwater is pumped away are included. Fully natural places below sea level require a dry climate; otherwise, rain would exceed evaporation and fill the area.
All figures are in meters below sea level, arranged by depth, lowest first:
Africa
- Afar Depression
- Lake Assal, Djibouti, [−153 m (−502 ft)] lowest land in Africa
- Danakil Depression, Ethiopia, [−125 m (−410 ft)]
- Qattara Depression, Egypt, [−133 m (−436 ft)]
- Sebkha Tah, Western Sahara, in the Laâyoune-Boujdour-Sakia El Hamra region [−55 m (−180 ft)]
- Sabkhat Ghuzayyil, Libya [−47 m (−154 ft)]
- Lake Moeris, Egypt, [−43 m (−141 ft)]
- Chott Melrhir, Algeria, [−40 m (−131 ft)]
- Shatt al Gharsah, Tunisia, [−17 m (−56 ft)]
- Sebkhet Te-n-Dghamcha, Mauritania, [−5 m (−16 ft)]
Antarctica
- Byrd Glacier, which reaches 2,780 m (9,121 feet) below sea level.[1]
- Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills, [−50 m (−164 ft)]
- The lowest natural point on land is the canyon under Denman Glacier, with the bedrock being 3,500 m (11,500 ft) below sea level.[2][3]
Asia
- Jordan valley, Israel – West Bank – Jordan
- Dead Sea, Jordan – West Bank – Israel [−430 m (−1,411 ft)], lowest land in Asia and the world 31°30′N 35°30′E
- Neot HaKikar, Israel [−345 m (−1,132 ft)], Israeli settlement just south of Dead Sea. 30.9330972°N 35.3766972°E
- Jericho, West Bank [−258 m (−846 ft)], lowest city in the world 31.85°N 35.46°E
- Bet She'an, Israel (between Tiberias and Jericho) [−122 m (−400 ft)] 32.50°N 35.50°E
- Sea of Galilee, Israel [−214 m (−702 ft)] 32.80°N 35.60°E
- Tiberias, Israel [−207 m (−679 ft)] 32.7966°N 35.535717°E
- Turfan Depression, China [−154 m (−505 ft)][4]
- Caspian Basin
- Caspian Depression, Karagiye, Kazakhstan [−138 m (−453 ft)]
- Caspian Sea and its shores, Russia – Kazakhstan – Azerbaijan – Iran – Turkmenistan [−28 m (−92 ft)]
- Kuttanad, India [−2 m (−7 ft)]
- Hachirōgata, Japan [−4 m (−13 ft)]
Europe
- Caspian Depression
- Caspian Sea and its shores, Azerbaijan, Russia, and Kazakhstan [−28 m (−92 ft)]
- Baku, Azerbaijan [−28 m (−92 ft)], lowest lying national capital in the world
- Atyrau Airport, Kazakhstan [−22 m (−72 ft)] – lowest international airport
- Netherlands, coastal provinces [(−1 to −7 m) (−3 to −23 ft)]
- Zuidplaspolder [−7 m (−23 ft)]
- Haarlemmermeer [−5 m (−16 ft)]
- Amsterdam Schiphol Airport [−4 m (−13 ft)]
- Wieringermeer [−4 m (−13 ft)]
- Flevoland [−4 m (−13 ft)]
- Amsterdam [−2 m (−7 ft)]
- Belgium, parts of West Flanders [−3 m (−10 ft)]
- Lammefjord, Denmark [−7 m (−23 ft)]
- The Fens, United Kingdom [−2.75 m (−9 ft)]
- Neuendorf-Sachsenbande, Germany [−4 m (−13 ft)]
- Le Contane, Jolanda di Savoia, Italy [−3.44 m (−11.3 ft)]
- North Slob, County Wexford, Ireland [−3 m (−10 ft)]
- Étang de Lavalduc, France [−2 m (−7 ft)]
- Kristianstad, Sweden [−2 m (−7 ft)]
- Żuławy Wiślane, Poland, Baltic delta of the Vistula River [−2 m (−7 ft)]
North America
- Death Valley
- Badwater Basin, California, United States [−85 m (−279 ft)] lowest point in North America
- Salton Sink, United States [−66 m (−217 ft)]
- Bombay Beach, California, United States [−69 m (−226 ft)]
- Salton Sea Beach, California, United States [−67 m (−220 ft)]
- Desert Shores, California, United States [−61 m (−200 ft)]
- Calipatria, California, United States [−56 m (−184 ft)]
- Westmorland, California, United States [−48 m (−157 ft)]
- Niland, California, United States [−43 m (−141 ft)]
- Salton City, California, United States [−38 m (−125 ft)]
- Brawley, California, United States [−37 m (−121 ft)]
- Thermal, California, United States [−37 m (−121 ft)]
- Coachella, California, United States [−22 m (−72 ft)]
- Imperial, California, United States [−18 m (−59 ft)]
- Seeley, California, United States [−13 m (−43 ft)]
- El Centro, California, United States [−12 m (−39 ft)]
- Indio, California, United States [−6 m (−20 ft)]
- Heber, California, United States [−5 m (−16 ft)]
- Holtville, California, United States [−3 m (−10 ft)]
- New Orleans, Louisiana, United States [−2 m (−7 ft)]
- Laguna Salada, Baja California, Mexico [−10 m (−33 ft)]
- Lake Enriquillo, Dominican Republic [−46 m (−151 ft)], lowest place on an island country.
Oceania
- Lake Eyre, Australia, −16 m (−52 ft), lowest land in Australia
- Lake Frome, Australia, −6 m (−20 ft)
- Taieri Plain, New Zealand, −2 m (−7 ft)
South America
- Laguna del Carbón, Argentina [−105 m (−344 ft)] lowest land in the Americas
- Bajo del Gualicho, Río Negro province, Argentina [−72 m (−236 ft)]
- Salina Grande and Salina Chica, Valdés Peninsula, Chubut Province, Argentina [−42 m (−138 ft)]
- Sechura Depression, Sechura Desert, Piura Region, Peru [−34 m (−112 ft)]
- Georgetown, Guyana [−2 m (−7 ft)]
Historic and ice-covered areas
Deeper and larger than any of the trenches in the list above is the Bentley Subglacial Trench in Antarctica, at a depth of 2,540 m (8,330 ft). It is subglacial, meaning that it is permanently covered by the largest ice cap in the world. Therefore, it is not included in any list on the page. If the ice melted it would be covered by sea.
The biggest dry land area below sea level that has been known to exist in the geological past, as measured by continuous volume of atmospheric air below sea level, was the dry bed of the Mediterranean Sea in the late Miocene period during the Messinian salinity crisis.
See also
References
- "News Story – Bedmap2 gives scientists a more detailed view of Antarctica's landmass". News Story – Bedmap2 gives scientists a more detailed view of Antarctica’s landmass. NERC BASS. 8 March 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- Jonathan Amos (December 12, 2019). "Denman Glacier: Deepest point on land found in Antarctica". BBC. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- Mathieu Morlighem; Eric Rignot; Tobias Binder; Donald Blankenship; Reinhard Drews; Graeme Eagles; Olaf Eisen; Fausto Ferraccioli; René Forsberg; Peter Fretwell; Vikram Goel; Jamin S. Greenbaum; Hilmar Gudmundsson; Jingxue Guo; Veit Helm; Coen Hofstede; Ian Howat; Angelika Humbert; Wilfried Jokat; Nanna B. Karlsson; Won Sang Lee; Kenichi Matsuoka; Romain Millan; Jeremie Mouginot; John Paden; Frank Pattyn; Jason Roberts; Sebastian Rosier; Antonia Ruppel; Helene Seroussi; Emma C. Smith; Daniel Steinhage; Bo Sun; Michiel R. van den Broeke; Tas D. van Ommen; Melchior van Wessem; Duncan A. Young (2019-12-12). "Deep glacial troughs and stabilizing ridges unveiled beneath the margins of the Antarctic ice sheet". Nature Geoscience. doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0510-8. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
- Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 378. ISBN 0-89577-087-3.
External links
- "Interactive Sea Level Elevation Map". floodmap.net.
- "Adjustable Sealevel Map". flood.firetree.net.
- "Land Below Sea Level". geology.com.